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financial market It is a market in which individuals and entities can trade Money bills commodities and other fungible assets at prices that are determined by pure principles of supply and demand, before they begin investment You must know and determine which types of financial markets are appropriate for you and your goals.
Markets work by placing the two counterparts, the buyers and sellers, in one place so that they can easily find each other, thus facilitating the transaction between them.
Financial markets can be viewed as channels through which loanable funds channeled from a resource with surplus assets flow to a student with a deficit of funds.
There are different types of financial markets and their characterization depends on the characteristics of the financial claims being traded and the needs of different market participants. We are aware of several types of markets, which differ based on the type of instruments traded and their maturity. A common breakdown is the following:
The capital market helps raise capital on a long-term basis, generally over a period of one year. It consists of a primary market and a secondary market and can be divided into two main sub-groups – the bond market and the stock market.
The primary market, or what is called the “new issue market”, is where securities such as securities are created and traded Stock Andbond For the first time without using any intermediary like stock exchange in the process.
When a private company decides to become a publicly traded entity, it issues and sells its shares in what is called an initial public offering.
IPOs are a strictly regulated process facilitated by investment banks or financial syndicates of securities dealers who set a starting price range and then oversee their sale directly to investors.
The secondary market, or the so-called “after-sale” market, is where investors buy previously issued securities such as stocks, bonds, futures, and options from other investors, rather than from the issuing companies themselves.
The secondary market is where the bulk of stock market trading takes place and is what people are talking about when they refer to the “stock market”.
However, some of the previously issued shares are not listed on the stock exchange, but are traded directly between dealers over the phone or by computer. These are what are called publicly traded shares, or “unlisted shares”.
In general, companies that trade in this way usually do not meet the requirements for listing on the stock exchange. These stocks trade on the countertop bulletin board or on pink sheets and are offered by either poor credit-rated companies or penny stocks.
The money market enables economic units to manage their liquidity positions by lending and borrowing short-term loans, generally less than one year. It facilitates interaction between individuals and institutions with temporary financial surpluses and their counterparts who are temporarily short of funds.
One can borrow money within a very short period of time through a standard instrument, called Call Money. It is the money borrowed for one day, from 12:00 noon today until 12:00 noon the next day, after which the loan becomes “on demand” and can be retrieved at any time. In some cases, Call Money can be borrowed for up to one week.
This market is an institutional source of working capital for companies. Those participants in this market are the commercial banks, Reserve Bank of India, large corporations, etc. The instruments in the money market are commercial bills, commercial papers, certificates of deposit, treasury bills, etc.
This market is a decentralized market that has no central physical location. It is basically the secondary market. Here, market participants trade with each other using various communication methods such as electronic mode, telephone, etc.
Companies that are traded on an over-the-counter financial market are small companies. This market has less transparency, fewer regulations, and is inexpensive.
The derivatives market is the financial market that trades in securities that derive their value from some specific underlying asset.
Derivatives do not have a physical existence but arise from contracts between two parties. These underlying assets may be bonds, stocks, currencies, etc.
The value of derivative contracts is determined by the market price of the underlying item. This market trades in derivatives which include futures, forwards, swaps, options, etc.
bond It is a debt security where the investor lends money for a specific period of time and at a specified coupon rate, i.e. rate of interest. These include corporate and municipal bonds from around the world.
All types of securities such as bills and securities issued through the Treasury are sold in the bond market.
The forex market is not a physical entity but a communication network between banks, brokers and forex dealers. This is the market where all kinds of currencies are traded. It is the highest liquidity market as cash is liquid. It includes market transactions like spot market, forward market, etc.
Insurance Market: It helps in transferring various risks. Insurance is used to transfer the risk of loss from one entity to another in return for a payment.
The insurance market is a place where two peers, the insurer and the insured, or what is called the policyholder, meet in order to conclude a deal that the customer mainly uses to hedge against uncertain risk of loss.
Among the most important benefits that all types of financial markets bring are:
Here are some advantages and disadvantages of all types of financial markets:
Thus, it can be concluded that the financial market is the market in which traders participate in buying and selling financial assets such as stocks, bonds, derivatives, commodities, currencies, etc.
It is a bank or institution that facilitates the exchange of financial assets. Instruments and securities. It may or may not have a physical location. Assets can be exchanged between parties over the phone or the Internet as well.
Since the past few years, the role of the financial market has undergone a radical change, due to a number of factors such as low transaction costs, investor protection, high liquidity, transparency of pricing information, ease of legal procedures for settling disputes, etc.
The term financial market refers to the market in which activities related to the creation and trading of various financial assets such as bonds, stocks, commodities, currencies, derivatives, etc. are carried out, and it provides the platform for sellers and buyers of financial assets to meet and trade with each other at a price determined by market forces.
In financial markets, the stock market allows investors to buy and trade shares of public companies. The issuance of new shares is first floated in the primary stock market, and the securities are traded in the secondary market.
1.aFor an over-the-counter (OTC) market – They operate the unlisted public stock exchange NASDAQ, the American Stock Exchange and the New York Stock Exchange. The over-the-counter market that deals with companies is usually small companies that can be traded cheaply and have less regulation.
2. Bond Market – The financial market is where investors lend money on bonds as security for a specific period at a predetermined interest rate. Bonds are issued by corporations, states, municipalities, and federal governments around the world.
3. Capital Markets – They trade in highly liquid and short-term maturities, and lend securities that mature in less than a year.
4. Derivatives Market – They trade in securities that determine their value from their underlying assets. The value of a derivative contract is regulated by the market price of the underlying item – the securities in the derivatives market, including futures, options, CFDs, forwards, and swaps.
5. Forex Market – It is a financial market where investors trade in currencies. In the entire world, this type of financial market is the most liquid.
Mentioned below are the important functions of financial market:
It mobilizes savings by circulating them in the most productive way.
-Helps determine the price of securities by interacting with investors and relying on supply and demand in the market.
-Gives liquidity to swap assets.
– Less time consuming and cost effective as parties do not have to spend more time and money to find potential clients to deal with securities. It also reduces the cost by providing valuable information about the securities traded in the financial market.
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